Marking a Decade: Joint Statement Celebrating the Tenth Anniversary of the Philippines-China South China Sea Arbitral Tribunal Award

On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the landmark Arbitral Tribunal Award concerning the South China Sea, a joint statement has been issued by the governments of the United States, Australia, Canada, Estonia, Germany, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, New Zealand, the Republic of the Philippines, Romania, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom. This statement reaffirms a collective commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific region, emphasising the importance of peace, stability, and adherence to international law.

Commemorating a Significant Milestone

The statement reflects on the unanimous decision made by the Arbitral Tribunal on 12 July 2016, which is viewed as a pivotal moment in the context of maritime law and international relations. The governments involved highlight that this ruling, framed under Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), is not only a crucial legal benchmark but also final and binding between China and the Philippines regarding the maritime entitlements and claims that were adjudicated.

In the statement, there is a strong reiteration that maritime disputes should be resolved through peaceful means in accordance with UNCLOS. The governments collectively assert that the Award issued a decade ago stands as a significant legal milestone, reinforcing the necessity for compliance with its provisions.

Upholding International Norms

The joint statement explicitly rejects any legal basis for China’s extensive maritime claims in the South China Sea, particularly those grounded in so-called “historic rights.” The signatory nations emphasise the critical nature of maintaining freedom of navigation and overflight, alongside other lawful maritime activities as enshrined in UNCLOS.

Furthermore, the governments express their firm opposition to any destabilising unilateral actions, including the use of force or coercion, which pose a threat to the region’s peace and stability. They denounce the deployment of coast guard, military, and maritime militia forces to intimidate or obstruct lawful operations by other states, highlighting the risks such actions pose to the safety of personnel and fishermen, alongside the broader implications for regional security.

A Call for Peaceful Dialogue

The statement encourages all parties involved to respect the 2016 Award and to seek resolution of disputes through dialogue and lawful mechanisms in line with international law. This collective stance underscores the commitment to a framework of peaceful dispute resolution and the importance of collaboration among nations in the region.

In conclusion, the signatory nations reiterate their dedication to fostering a free and open Indo-Pacific, aligning with ASEAN’s vision of the South China Sea as a domain of peace, stability, cooperation, and prosperity, driven by vibrant lawful commerce. This commitment is pivotal for ensuring that the region remains a place of mutual respect and shared progress.